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Anime FAQs

Posted on April 22, 2018April 22, 2018 by Migerific

Anime FAQs

So, when we first think about animes, the first thing to come to our mind is Dragon Ball Z. There are many animes that the anime community in any society watches and enjoy. Some of the most popular animes are Naruto, One Piece, Avatar, Death Note and Full Metal Alchemist.

When talking about animes, there is normally 3 kind of people. One who watches animes. Next one who watches anime and reads the manga. And finally, one who hates watching anime and takes it as the equivalent of the cartoon. I watch anime and read their manga too. So let’s have a look at animes from my perspective.

What is an anime?

Anime is a style of either a hand-drawn or a computer-based animation originating in and associated with Japan. The word anime is the Japanese term of animation, which includes all forms of animated media. It is pronounced “Annie-May”.

Why is anime considered different from the cartoon?

No matter how you look at it, an anime is a cartoon.

So why does watching cartoon symbolize being childish and watching anime does not?

It’s simple. When you look at an American or any other country’s cartoon, what do you think is the storyline? What relation does episode 1 and episode 2 of a cartoon even have? Tom & Jerry, Powerpuff Girls, etc are the typical cartoons that you grew up with. Can the episodes of any two episodes continuous? No, the episodes are not even a bit relatable except the characters. When you compare it to anime, it has the same continued storyline over the whole season just like a CW Series that you watch in HBO, like Game of Thrones, The Flash, etc.

If you watch anime, it does show your childish nature. But it also shows that you are more inclined towards watching a story unfold instead of a no-brainer show that only knows to make you laugh.

What are the genres in Anime?

Anime has a lot of genres to watch from like:

Action
Comedy/Slice-of-Life
Drama/Tragedy
Psychological
History
Mecha/Military
Supernatural/Magic
Romance

Is it okay for kids to watch Animes?

It depends. Some Animes, yes. Others, definitely not. Check out the content notes of the reviews. The CD box normally has a print on the back with age recommendation.

Why is there so much nudity even in kids shows?

Firstly, Japanese attitude about nudity is far less strict than those in the US. So it is not entirely uncommon to see nudity in anime. Though the context is rarely erotic in animes targeted for children. But still the animes are rated, so R-Rated is not for children just like any other movie.

What’s with the huge eyes?

It’s not some kind of Asian inferiority complex. The foundation of Anime is Astro Boy TV series created by Osamu Tezuka. It had those huge eyes. It was the most popular anime at that time and the style kind of stuck.

Why do the characters keep saying English words?

English in Japan is considered cool among youngsters just like French in the US. There are a lot of English words borrowed into Japanese as well. So in most cases, it’s just because of a common word with an English root.

DOTA 2 v/s League of Legends

Posted on April 20, 2018April 20, 2018 by Migerific

DOTA 2 v/s League of Legends

Okay, so this has been a really burning and most debated topic among the online gaming community. Half of the people believe that DOTA 2 is better than League of Legends and the other half believe the contradiction. Since I am also a gamer, and I play both DOTA 2 and League of Legends, I’m going to give you an insight based on my perspective.

DOTA 2 is the third online game I ever played in my lifetime. The first was Counter-Strike(all 1.6, Source and Global Offensive included). Then I moved on to play Clash of Clans by the influence of some of my classmates. Then I came to acknowledge DOTA 2 just about 4 years ago. I had seen people playing DOTA(I didn’t know it was DOTA 2) before I started playing it myself, and I always thought that it was a really boring game because I wasn’t familiar with any sort of MOBA. I always used to think why these people are wasting their time and money to play a boring game like DOTA in internet cafes. And 4 years ago, I heard many of my close buddies saying “DOTA is an awesome game, you need to at least try it”. Since my buddies asked me humbly to try it, I wanted to give it a shot.

When I first downloaded the game and started playing it, I found the strategies really fascinating, you know, how a so-called HERO can be built with different ITEMS. I had never played an online game which had so many variables and was so unpredictable. I started to take the game more seriously and was getting good at the game and another of my friend said, “You play DOTA? Then why don’t you try out League of Legends too? It’s a MOBA just like DOTA and I like playing LoL more than DOTA”. That statement, from a fellow gamer, made me think – if I find DOTA so fascinating, another game with the same mentality, strategies and patterns couldn’t be boring. I wanted to explore all sorts of online games since I was just exposed to this genre seriously.

That’s the story how I started playing both of these competitive games, just because I wanted to know the real kick and meaning of gaming. I had already started taking the gaming career seriously when I played Counter-Strike and now I had found out about two more gems that could help me become a professional gamer. On this date, 20^thApril 2018(UTC + 5:45), I continue playing both DOTA 2 and LoL. I find it most fascinating that the players of respective games bully the players of their counterparts.

You know, being someone who plays both the game, I hate this kind of behavior. You do watch MCU movies even though you are a hardcore DC Comics fan, don’t you? So why can’t we just accept that both the games can be good in their own way?

Now for the comparison between DOTA 2 and League of Legends, these are all for me, and I will try to convince what’s the difference between these two games. Firstly, DOTA 2 has a pretty much black and dark theme, just like DC movies, while LoL has pretty much lighter theme, just like MCU movies. Everyone loves the game they played first and don’t want other competitions to their game genre. They all want the game they play to have more players than any other games. To me, I don’t have time to think about that since both games hold their own importance. I normally play DOTA 2 only when I have a bad internet connection since bot matches in DOTA 2 doesn’t need an internet connection, but I play LoL more when I have a good internet connection. I don’t even have the need to play DOTA 2 online since I already play LoL.

Everyone has their own choice and for me, I am totally biased towards LoL. I only play DOTA 2 online when I have a bunch of friends with me who also play DOTA 2. Other than that, I don’t like playing DOTA 2 alone. LoL suits me more since it has many components that DOTA 2 doesn’t even have. The character we control is called HERO in DOTA 2 and CHAMPION in LoL. Since DOTA 2 is really really slow on releasing new heroes, I think the game is quite the same in most of the patches. What are the latest three hero releases in DOTA 2 and when were those released? It was on 2016/08/23 with Underlord, 2016/12/12 with Monkey King and 2017/10/31 with Dark Willow & Pangolier. And what about LoL? It was on 2017/08/23 with Ornn, 2017/11/22 with Zoe and 2018/03/07. You see the trend in which they release their new hero/champion. You get to play new contents in LoL more frequently than DOTA 2. That’s the reason I’m biased in favor of LoL. Except that, DOTA has its own perks like Voice Communication in DOTA is really good and we can talk even with our teammates, while in League, Voice was just released over a month ago and you can only Voice Communicate with party members. The pings in LoL is way better than in DOTA. LoL has an emote system that you need to buy. And taunt is free in LoL, unlike DOTA where you need to buy taunt. You cannot dance in DOTA. You cannot make a hero’s joke unless you kill the opponent hero in DOTA. But another shortcoming of LoL is that you need to buy the champions. You can buy champions by paying real money, but you also have a blue essence system which gives you in-game currency, when you level up, without expending real money.

All and all, I think both the games are good in their own way. Also, there is a Loot System in LoL, which gives you various skins or items (in DOTA words) for free. It is quite hard to obtain if you are a beginner, but if you are quite decent in the game, it’s not that hard. This topic will always be interesting to discuss over a cup of tea, but you don’t need to beat each other’s throats when you are discussing this topic. And to me, LoL will always be the first choice over DOTA 2.

How to write a south Indian movie

Posted on April 20, 2018April 20, 2018 by Abhisekh

Note: For the sake of simplicity, indie south Indian movies and the ones that don’t make it to Hindi dub or a Bollywood remake are excluded because they don’t fit this narrative. Heck, even some Bollywood movies have a really good plot and execution. But when a typical non-south Indian person says that they like south Indian movies, they usually are talking about the worst of those to exist in the history of mankind. Those are movies we are talking about because “the amount of bad movie > amount of good movies” always.

1. Superpowers

To write a south Indian movie, it is very important that you give your lead actor some sort of superpower. It’s usually something similar to that of Captain America or black panther but without a shield or costume because we are pretending that someone who can beat about 100 people up with only a few scratches on their body and someone who can twist a fucking iron rod is a normal human being. It may be executed like that because south Indian moms need to advertise milk to their children. “Drinka this milka, man. stronga bones.” P.S I picked up that “man” from my Banglore days. Why tf do you folks use the word “man” so much? Smh.

2. Gravity is a conspiracy invented by Newton

As an aspiring south Indian movie writer or director, you need to be aware of the fact that gravity is indeed a conspiracy. It does not exist and it should not exist in real life. Laws of physics don’t make sense and they should be discarded. Old American cartoon got that one right.

3. Fair sleazy female lead

If you can manage it, write an actress that does not look south Indian at all. If she indeed happens to be south Indian, make sure she has a fair skin. Kamal Hasan’s daughter works. You can go darker but not more than light brown. Black is a no-no. It’s not racism. They embrace any caste, culture, creed, ethnicity, religion as long as the actress is fair.

P.S: Make sure that actresses don’t actually have to act. They only serve as a love interest of the male lead. They can indeed be great actresses on their own merit but fuck that. You hire them to look pretty. And that’s what you want from them. It’s better if they’re the ones chasing the male lead. The male lead’s got important things to do, like save the world. He doesn’t have time for chicks or whatsoever.

4. anti-heroes because heroes are super boring

Urban dictionary defines it as “Someone who is supposed to be the hero but has a lack of hero qualities, which would mean he or she isn’t pretty, brave or strong or whatsoever a hero should be.
The Antihero is someone with some of the qualities of a villain, up to and including brutality, cynicism, and ruthlessness, but with the soul or motivations of a more conventional hero.”

In simple words “Someone who is too good to be a villain and too bad to be a normal hero.”

Typical heroes are boring. Make them shit who people actually root for because most people themselves are shit. So, people get validated for their typical assholery.

5. Good triumphs evil

Learn from Disney. Take our heroes from minor obstructions to their destination. Nothing they can’t solve with their superpowers but there should be a conflict. Conflict is a working formula for every story out there. Just create some minor nuisances for our superhero and help him overcome it and remember good always wins. We don’t have time for bold plots and tragedies. Fuck that. All that matters is that the fools get entertained.

6. Plagiarism

Bollywood doesn’t know how to copy. They just present a dumbed down version of a Hollywood movie or they just make an official remake nowadays and still get shit for copying. Even from the south Indian industry. The Tamil movie Gajhini was “inspired” by Christopher Nolan’s Memento. Mahesh Babu’s “Nenokkadine” is basically a south Indian-fied version of Liam Neeson’s “Unknown”. S. J. Surya’s character in “Spyder” is basically south Indian take on the Batman’s Joker. So you get the gist. You take some Hollywood characters or the plot and you south Indian-ify it with the above-mentioned steps.

7. Character actors

A character actor or character actress is a supporting actor who plays unusual, interesting, or eccentric characters. The term often is contrasted with that of the leading actor.

Character actors are absolutely crucial so that the dumb audience feel like at least the laughter was worth the ticket. You can fuck the plot. Always write a role for Brahamanandam. In case he’s booked, any other character actor can fill in.

Note: I do know and understand that there are multiple movie industries in south India. Tamil, Telegu, Kannada etc. But you all fucking look the same to me. And I hate you all because I once happened to go Banglore for my further studies. Shit was so traditional that even Kathmandu feels like abroad studies to me. So, fuck ya’ll.

Java AWT viva questions with answers

Posted on April 1, 2018April 1, 2018 by Abhisekh

What is AWT?
Java AWT (Abstract Windowing Toolkit) is an API to develop GUI or window-based application in java. It contains numerous classes and methods that allow you to create windows and simple controls. It was Java’s first GUI framework, and it has been part of Java since version 1.0.
Where are AWT classes contained? / Which package contains AWT classes?
The AWT classes are contained in the java.awt package. It is one of Java’s largest packages.
What is a component?
By definition, the subclass of a java.awt.Component class is known as a component. A component can be a Button or TextField etc. Component class lies at the top of AWT hierarchy. Component class is an abstract class that encapsulates all of the attributes of a visual component.
What is an abstract class ?
A class that is declared with abstract keyword, is known as abstract class in java. It can have abstract and non-abstract methods (method with body).
Are menus subclass of a component?
No. Except for menus, all user interface elements that are displayed on the screen and that interact with the user are subclasses of Component.
What is a component?
By definition, the subclass of a java.awt.Container class is known as a container. A container can be a Frame or Applet or Dialog box etc. A container holds the components. If a button is to be displayed to the user, it must be added to a container.
What is a container class?
The Container class is a subclass of Component.
What is the super class of all containers?
java.awt.Container.
What is a window?
The window is the container that has no borders and menu bars. You must use frame, dialog or another window for creating a window. Generally, you won’t create Window objects directly. Instead, you will use a subclass of Window called Frame.
What is a panel?
The Panel class is a concrete subclass of Container. Like window panel also does not contain a title bar, menu bar, or border.

To have a greater flexibility on the arrangement of components, panels are extensively used with layout managers. Components are added to panel and panel, in turn, can be added to a container. That is, a panel can work like a container and a component. As container, components can be added to it and as a component, panel can be added to a frame or applet.
What are subclasses of the component?
Subclasses of Container include Frame, Panel, and Applet which is a subclass of Panel.
Among the standard classes in Java are Container and Component. In order to create a GUI, the programmer uses subclasses of these two classes. What are some examples of subclasses of Container and Component? What is the essential difference between Containers and Components?
Java’s Component class represents visual elements of a Graphical User Interface. Its subclasses include Button, Checkbox, TextField, Choice, and Canvas. The Container class is another subclass of Component. A Container is a component that can contain other components (including other containers). This is the essential difference between containers and other types of component. Subclasses of Container include Frame, Panel, and Applet.
How to add other components to a panel?
Other components can be added to a Panel object by its
- add( ) method (inherited from Container).
How to position components in a Panel?
setLocation( ), setBounds() methods defined by Components class can be used to position components.
How to resize components?
setLocation( ) and setPreferredSize( ) methods.
What is a Frame?
Frame encapsulates what is commonly thought of as a “window.” It is a subclass of Window and has a title bar, menu bar, borders, and resizing corners. The Frame is the container that contains title bar and can have menu bars. It can have other components like button, textfield etc.
Mention any 4 methods of component class?
public void add(Component c) -> inserts a component on this component.
public void setSize(int width,int height) -> sets the size (width and height) of the component.
public void setLayout(LayoutManager m) -> defines the layout manager for the component.
public void setVisible(boolean status) -> changes the visibility of the component, by default false.
What are the two ways to create a frame in awt?
By extending Frame class (inheritance)
By creating the object of Frame class (association)
What are the constructors of Frame?
Frame( ) throws HeadlessException -> creates a standard window that does not contain a title.
Frame(String title) throws HeadlessException -> creates a window with the title specified by title.
Constructors of setSize() ?
- void setSize(int newWidth, int newHeight)
- void setSize(Dimension newSize)
  The new size of the window is specified by newWidth and newHeight, or by the width and height fields of the Dimension object passed in newSize. The dimensions are specified in terms of pixels.
How to obtain a current size of a window?
The getSize( ) method is used to obtain the current size of a window.

Explain different types of Operating Systems

Posted on April 1, 2018 by Abhisekh

What is an Operating System? Explain different types of Operating Systems. [PU Fall 2017, Spring 2014]

An operating system (OS) is a system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

System software is computer software designed to provide a platform to other software. Examples of system software include operating systems, computational science software, game engines, industrial automation, and software as a service applications.

In contrast to system software, software that allows users to do things like create text documents, play games, listen to music, or surf the web is called application software.

Types of OS:

Sequential, Batch, Multiprogramming (multitasking), Multiprocessing (multiprocessor), Time Sharing, Real Time, Distributed, Embedded, Kernel (syllabus)

Sequential OS: Sequential access compared to random access. In computer science, sequential access means that a group of elements (such as data in a memory array or a disk file or on magnetic tape data storage) is accessed in a predetermined, ordered sequence. Sequential access is sometimes the only way of accessing the data, for example if it is on a tape. It may also be the access method of choice, for example if all that is wanted is to process a sequence of data elements in order.
Batch OS: The users of a batch operating system do not interact with the computer directly. Each user prepares his job on an off-line device like punch cards and submits it to the computer operator. To speed up processing, jobs with similar needs are batched together and run as a group. The programmers leave their programs with the operator and the operator then sorts the programs with similar requirements into batches.

The problems with Batch Systems are as follows −
1. Lack of interaction between the user and the job.
2. CPU is often idle, because the speed of the mechanical I/O devices is slower than the CPU.
3. Difficult to provide the desired priority.
Multiprogramming OS:
To overcome the problem of underutilization of CPU and main memory, the multiprogramming was introduced. The multiprogramming is interleaved execution of multiple jobs by the same computer. In a multiprogramming system, when one program is waiting for I/O transfer; there is another program ready to utilize the CPU. So it is possible for several jobs to share the time of the CPU. But it is important to note that multiprogramming is not defined to be the execution of jobs at the same instance of time. Rather it does mean that there are a number of jobs available to the CPU (placed in main memory) and a portion of one is executed then a segment of another and so on.
A program in execution is called a “Process”, “Job” or a “Task”. The concurrent execution of programs improves the utilization of system resources and enhances the system throughput as compared to batch and serial processing. In this system, when a process requests some I/O to allocate; meanwhile the CPU time is assigned to another ready process. So, here when a process is switched to an I/O operation, the CPU is not set idle. Read More
Multiprocessor Operating System:
It refers to the use of two or more central processing units (CPU) within a single computer system. These multiple CPUs are in a close communication sharing the computer bus, memory and other peripheral devices. These systems are referred as tightly coupled systems. These types of systems are used when very high speed is required to process a large volume of data. These systems are generally used in environment like satellite control, weather forecasting etc.
Multiprocessing system is based on the symmetric multiprocessing model, in which each processor runs an identical copy of operating system and these copies communicate with each other. In this system processor is assigned a specific task. A master processor controls the system. This scheme defines a master-slave relationship. These systems can save money in compare to single processor systems because the processors can share peripherals, power supplies and other devices. The main advantage of multiprocessor system is to get more work done in a shorter period of time. Moreover, multiprocessor systems prove more reliable in the situations of failure of one processor. In this situation, the system with multiprocessor will not halt the system; it will only slow it down.
Read More
Time Sharing Operating System:
Time-sharing is a technique which enables many people, located at various terminals, to use a particular computer system at the same time. Time-sharing or multitasking is a logical extension of multiprogramming. Processor’s time which is shared among multiple users simultaneously is termed as time-sharing.

The main difference between Multiprogrammed Batch Systems and Time-Sharing Systems is that in case of Multiprogrammed batch systems, the objective is to maximize processor use, whereas in Time-Sharing Systems, the objective is to minimize response time.

Multiple jobs are executed by the CPU by switching between them, but the switches occur so frequently. Thus, the user can receive an immediate response. For example, in a transaction processing, the processor executes each user program in a short burst or quantum of computation. That is, if nusers are present, then each user can get a time quantum. When the user submits the command, the response time is in few seconds at most.

The operating system uses CPU scheduling and multiprogramming to provide each user with a small portion of a time. Computer systems that were designed primarily as batch systems have been modified to time-sharing systems.

Advantages of Timesharing operating systems are as follows −
- Provides the advantage of quick response.
- Avoids duplication of software.
- Reduces CPU idle time.
Disadvantages of Time-sharing operating systems are as follows −
- Problem of reliability.
- Question of security and integrity of user programs and data.
- Problem of data communication.
Real Time Operating System:
A real-time system is defined as a data processing system in which the time interval required to process and respond to inputs is so small that it controls the environment. The time taken by the system to respond to an input and display of required updated information is termed as the response time. So in this method, the response time is very less as compared to online processing.

Real-time systems are used when there are rigid time requirements on the operation of a processor or the flow of data and real-time systems can be used as a control device in a dedicated application. A real-time operating system must have well-defined, fixed time constraints, otherwise the system will fail. For example, Scientific experiments, medical imaging systems, industrial control systems, weapon systems, robots, air traffic control systems, etc. Read More
Distributed OS:
Distributed systems use multiple central processors to serve multiple real-time applications and multiple users. Data processing jobs are distributed among the processors accordingly.

The processors communicate with one another through various communication lines (such as high-speed buses or telephone lines). These are referred as loosely coupled systems or distributed systems. Processors in a distributed system may vary in size and function. These processors are referred as sites, nodes, computers, and so on.

The advantages of distributed systems are as follows −
- With resource sharing facility, a user at one site may be able to use the resources available at another.
- Speedup the exchange of data with one another via electronic mail.
- If one site fails in a distributed system, the remaining sites can potentially continue operating.
- Better service to the customers.
- Reduction of the load on the host computer.
- Reduction of delays in data processing.
Embedded OS: An embedded operating system is an operating system for embedded computer systems. This type of operating system is typically designed to be resource-efficient and reliable. Resource efficiency comes at the cost of losing some functionality or granularity that larger computer operating systems provide, including functions which may not be used by the specialized applications they run. Depending on the method used for multitasking, this type of OS is frequently considered to be a real-time operating system. Read More
Kernel: A kernel is the core component of an operating system. Using interprocess communication and system calls, it acts as a bridge between applications and the data processing performed at the hardware level.
When an operating system is loaded into memory, the kernel loads first and remains in memory until the operating system is shut down again. The kernel is responsible for low-level tasks such as disk management, task management, and memory management. Read More

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Month: April 2018